Northwest Avalanche Center

Observation: Public

All Observations

Observation Details

Name:
Enji Cooper
Observation Date:
March 18, 2023
Submitted:
March 19, 2023
Zone or Region:
West North
Activity:
XC Skiing/Snowshoeing
Location:
Ruby Mt via Happy Creek drainage

Triggered Avalanches

Did you trigger any avalanches? 
Yes
Was it intentional? 
No
Avalanche Type:
Dry Loose (Sluff)
Size:
Size 1: Relatively harmless to people
Elevation:
ATL (5.5k'+)
Aspect:
NE
Comments:
Was triggering lots of small/localized sluffing on descent when hopping through the snowpack in my snowshoes.

Observed Avalanches

Did you observe any avalanches? 
Yes
Avalanche Type:
Other
Size:
Size 2: Could bury, injure, or kill a person
Elevation:
Aspect:
E
Comments:
Observed D2-sized avalanches off E/SE facing cliff coming off north arm of Ruby at ~(48.70189, -121.04715). Slides seen around 11~12 and led into the Happy Creek drainage. Cliffs were well in excess of 50°, but the trigger was from near the top of the ridge.

Signs of Unstable Snow

Did you see shooting cracks? 
Yes, Isolated
Did you experience collapsing or whumpfing? 
Yes, Isolated

Observations

Conditions yesterday were very early/mid-spring-like (late March~mid-April). Day started above freezing at the Ross Lake TH (~37° at 6:30am) and ended at 44° (6:00pm). The snowpack BTL was mostly zipper crust over a couple inches of facets, then became slightly more supportive above 3k' under the trees. Areas out in the open had drier powdery snow (small facets) and slightly deeper snowshoe penetration than under the trees (1"~2" vs 3"~5").
I was snowshoeing up the skin track without disrupting it successfully up to NTL, but it was late enough in the day around ATL (~5.75k') that I hopped off the skin track and started breaking my own trail. Trailbreaking provided interesting observations (soft wind slabs cracking) and I started noting some localized collapsing of ~3" when stepping and putting weight on my snowshoes. I did a bit of digging and found some larger sugary facets (no consolidation) above ~1.5' of deep consolidated fetch (felt like 4F+/1F pressure compaction). Did some HSTs along the way and observed mixed qualitative results, but the overall theme was that the stronger consolidated layer was not bonded at all to the facets and was very prone to sliding if hit at the right angle/depth (sudden planar break). My guess is that this was the layer that hit so many riders this past week around the Baker portion of the zone.
Trying to play it a bit safer due to uncertainty, I limited my time around terrain traps (convexities/cols) and limited my exposure by taking more aggressive uphill tracks cutting the switchbacks of the skin track set by skiers and boarders. I waited at the summit for at least 45 minutes to 1 hour watching riders drop into the col that led into the Happy Creek drainage so I could better assess the surface layer instabilities in the snowpack. There weren't any apparent instabilities triggered by the riders. Playing it safe still since I was concerned about sharks below the surface, I stuck to more shaded sections of the ridge and tried to give myself enough buffer around steeper convexities which lead into shallow drainages/cols. I didn't want to get carried downhill and buried -- especially since the riders were heading skier's left and I was heading skier's right, and the likelihood of potential rescue was lower the way I went down.
The snow continued to be dry up to 4.5k', but then got a lot wetter/sloppier (close to light smashed potatoes). Tree bombs were going off in the late afternoon when I took a break at 3.5k'.

Media

Visible brush around 4.3k'.
Complex/challenging terrain starting around 4.5k'+.
Example wind-affected ATL snow around 6.2k'.
Below summit ridge (~7k').
Example HST done at 6.4k'.
Looking south on summit ridge. Note small cornices hanging over summit route and larger cornice overhangs over the Lillian Creek drainage to left below horizon.
West ridge off summit with cornice overhangs above Horsetail Creek drainage (drainage is looker's right).

Advanced Observations

Observed Avalanche Problem #1: 
Wet Loose
Comments: 
Observed wet loose/settling conditions NTL/BTL on north facing aspects on descent in afternoon. Stability was minimal below 4k' (sun exposed slopes in the Happy Creek drainage were very soft and unsupportive).
Observed Avalanche Problem #2: 
Cornice
Comments: 
Cornice overhangs were present predominantly on north, but also some select NE/NW facing ridges up high. Some cornices off in the distance looked like they had D2 burial potential (if a human was directly below them).
Observed Avalanche Problem #3: 
Wind Slab
Comments: 
Observed softer consolidated wind fetch in more sunny areas on north facing slopes with stouter wind slabs on shadier/higher slopes near the summit ridgeline. Slab looked like it was anywhere between 2" and 8" deep. It was slightly more difficult to make out the wind slabs with the naked eye because of sun crust and melted wind-affected snow/sastrugi.
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